#41 of the coffee-producing countries.
Coffee in Nigeria: History
- Coffee was first introduced to Nigeria in the late 19th Century.
- The first recorded dates of exports were in 1896.
- Over the next several decades, coffee became a major cash crop for farmers throughout the country.
- Although the government began to promote Robusta and Arabica coffee cultivation in the 1930s, Nigerian coffee production declines in the 21st century.
- Coffee production in Nigeria has been facing a number of issues in recent years.
- The amount of land allotted to coffee farming has dropped drastically, and many farms throughout the country were facing soil that has been depleted of its nutrients.
- As most of the coffee farmers in Nigeria belong to older generations the skill gap to the newer generation grew.
Coffee Cultivation in Nigeria today
- In recent years old Nigerian coffee plantations have been rehabilitated and old coffee plants have been rejuvenated, usually by decapping the plants to a height of about 1.5 m.
- New techniques were also used for the propagation of Robusta plants.
- Robusta currently accounts for 90% of all coffee exports in Nigeria, growing in regions like Jos, Bauchi, Oyo, Abia, Cross River, Taraba, Ekiti, Ondo, Delta, Kwara, Ogun, Akwa Ibom, and Edo.
- For this, more than 110 Arabica varieties are tested on the Mambilla Plateau to improve the coffee industry in the country.
- In 2020 only 1,887 tonnes of coffee were produced.
- New Nigerian coffee cultivation and fertilization methods are intended to increase yields.
- Nigerian coffee has flavor notes of sweet fruit and chocolate, but with hints of floral aromas.
- While Robusta is often used for instant coffee blends, a small handful of independent farmers have started to grow high-quality Arabica beans.
- Also overall quality of the coffee could be improved by the introduction of the wet processing.
Nigerian Coffee consumption today
- Coffee production and consumption are rising in Nigeria – between 2010 and 2015 by 20 %.
- Unfortunately, this is due to the Nescafe products produced in the Ivory Coast. They have a market share of 37 % in the instant coffee sector.
- Nestle holds more than 60 % of the market share in Nigeria.
- However, since coffee is still a luxury, 75 % of the Nigerians still drink Nescafe.
- A light sight: the roaster Kaldi and the Startup Cafe Neo, founded in 2012, help to build a coffee culture in Nigeria.
